{"id":7883,"date":"2015-01-30T10:47:20","date_gmt":"2015-01-30T12:47:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/articles\/others\/sistema-de-chaveamento-automatico-para-rapida-energizacao-de-fase-reserva-em-bancos-de-transformadores-monofasicos"},"modified":"2016-09-23T16:18:04","modified_gmt":"2016-09-23T19:18:04","slug":"automatic-switching-system-for-fast-backup-phase-energization-in-single-phase-transformer-banks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/automatic-switching-system-for-fast-backup-phase-energization-in-single-phase-transformer-banks\/","title":{"rendered":"Automatic switching system for fast backup phase energization in single-phase transformer banks"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\">[vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text]\n<h1><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Due to the regulation of Brazil&#8217;s electricity sector, the unavailability of power transmission equipment, such as power transformers, imply in the application of very high fines to equipment owner, whether the unavailability have been caused in a planned manner or not.<\/p>\n<p>In this context, a backup unit for a single-phase transformer bank has not been sufficient. This because of the long time to switchover from one phase to the backup phase and also to restore the original phase, rendering unfeasible temporary changes for maintenance purposes and resulting in a long time for system recovery in case of unexpected failure in one of the transformers.<\/p>\n<p>To speed up this switchover process, Furnas adopted a system with transfer busbar and motorized disconnecting switches associated to a digital control system allowing both automatic and manual switchover.<\/p>\n<p>This article describes the topology and the digital control system used in the switching system implemented in Rio Verde substation, on two 230-138kV banks. The field experience with the implementation and operation of this system over the last two years will be presented, describing the practical results achieved.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;5095&#8243; img_size=&#8221;thumbnail&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div><style>.vcex-button.vcex_69da0dae1a745{background:#b2b2b2;color:#ffffff!important;}.vcex-button.vcex_69da0dae1a745:hover{background:#008242!important;}<\/style><div class=\"theme-button-wrap textcenter theme-button-block-wrap wpex-block wpex-clear wpex-clr\"><a href=\"http:\/\/treetech.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Sistema-de-Chaveamento-Automatico-para-Rapida-Energizacao-de-Fase-Reserva-em-Bancos-de-Transformadores-Monofasicos-eng-1.pdf\" class=\"vcex-button theme-button flat grey medium align-center block vcex_69da0dae1a745\" title=\"Download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"vcex-button-inner theme-button-inner wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap wpex-items-center wpex-justify-center\"><span class=\"vcex-button-icon vcex-icon-wrap theme-button-icon-left\"><span class=\"wpex-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M64 464l48 0 0 48-48 0c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64L0 64C0 28.7 28.7 0 64 0L229.5 0c17 0 33.3 6.7 45.3 18.7l90.5 90.5c12 12 18.7 28.3 18.7 45.3L384 304l-48 0 0-144-80 0c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32l0-80L64 48c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16l0 384c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16zM176 352l32 0c30.9 0 56 25.1 56 56s-25.1 56-56 56l-16 0 0 32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-48 0-80c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 80c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24l-16 0 0 48 16 0zm96-80l32 0c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48l0 64c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48l-32 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16l0-128c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 128c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16l0-64c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16l-16 0 0 96 16 0zm80-112c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16l48 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 32 32 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 48c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-64 0-64z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span>Download<span class=\"vcex-button-icon vcex-icon-wrap theme-button-icon-right\"><span class=\"wpex-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M288 32c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32s-32 14.3-32 32V274.7l-73.4-73.4c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l128 128c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l128-128c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3s-32.8-12.5-45.3 0L288 274.7V32zM64 352c-35.3 0-64 28.7-64 64v32c0 35.3 28.7 64 64 64H448c35.3 0 64-28.7 64-64V416c0-35.3-28.7-64-64-64H346.5l-45.3 45.3c-25 25-65.5 25-90.5 0L165.5 352H64zm368 56a24 24 0 1 1 0 48 24 24 0 1 1 0-48z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div> [\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:10px;\"><\/div>[vc_accordion][vc_accordion_tab title=&#8221;Authors&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<table class=\" alignleft\" style=\"color: #7e7c7c; height: 122px;\" width=\"564\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"td_item\" style=\"font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Treetech Sistemas Digitais Ltda.<\/td>\n<td>Fernando G. A. de Amorim<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"td_item\" style=\"font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Furnas Centrais El\u00e9tricas S\/A<\/td>\n<td>Nelson P. Ramos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_accordion_tab][\/vc_accordion][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_text_separator title=&#8221;1.0 &#8211; INTRODUCTION&#8221; element_type=&#8221;div&#8221; span_color=&#8221;#008842&#8243;]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]Due to the regulation of Brazil&#8217;s electricity sector, the unavailability of power transmission equipment, such as power transformers, imply in the application of very high fines to equipment owner, whether the unavailability have been caused in a planned manner or not.<\/p>\n<p>In this context, a backup unit for a single-phase transformer bank has not been sufficient. This because of the long time to switchover from one phase to the backup phase and also to restore the original phase &#8211; a process that takes approximately 16 hours &#8211; rendering unfeasible temporary changes for maintenance purposes and resulting in a long time for system recovery in case of unexpected failure in one of the transformers.<\/p>\n<p>To speed up this switchover process, Furnas adopted a system with transfer busbar and motorized disconnecting switches associated to a digital control system allowing both automatic and manual switchover.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_text_separator title=&#8221;2.0 &#8211; DESCRIPTION OF TOPOLOGY USED&#8221; element_type=&#8221;div&#8221; span_color=&#8221;#008842&#8243;]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]Currently, Rio Verde substation &#8211; Goi\u00e1s is equipped with two 230-138kV single-phase transformer banks, as well as a 13.8kV tertiary delta, as shown in Figure 1. A third bank will be built in the future.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_single_image image=&#8221;7879&#8243; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>Figure 1 &#8211; Control System Overview<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_text_separator title=&#8221;3.0 &#8211; DESCRIPTION OF DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEM &#8221; element_type=&#8221;h2&#8243; span_background=&#8221;#008242&#8243; span_color=&#8221;#008242&#8243;]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]Switching command and control system is primarily intended to remove the large amount of cables resulting when a conventional centralized system is used, where the information of each disconnecting switch is transmitted to the control room via cabling several meters away from the substation yard.<\/p>\n<p>To meet this requirement, a control room system was developed featuring a modular and decentralized architecture, based on IEDs (<em>Intelligent Electronic Devices<\/em>) models DM1 and DM3 supplied by Treetech, installed in the common cubicle of each transformer close to the disconnecting switches. Theses IEDs are input\/output modules specifically developed for substation yard conditions, such as high temperatures and electromagnetic interferences. They receive the open\/close status of disconnecting switches and send open\/close commands, being connected to a remote terminal unit installed in the control room via optical fiber (one pair for each transformer bank). Figure 2 shows this system architecture.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_single_image image=&#8221;7881&#8243; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>Figure 2 &#8211; Decentralized System Architecture<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]The central control unit performs all interlocking logic as well as switching sequences, both to switchover to the backup phase during failure and to return to the original phase, always meeting the pre-conditions established, such as the bank must be isolated in the 230, 138 and 13.8kV sides. These sequences may be performed automatically, where all switchover operation is made without the need for operator intervention, and in manual mode, where each disconnecting switch open and close operation is supervised step by step by the operator, according to figures 3 and 4.<\/p>\n<p>Before initiating the switchover process, the operator must switchover all outlets of the defective phase to the backup phase. This is a manual process and is part of switchover pre-conditions. Therefore, to indicate that outlet switchover has been already made, just inform the control software checking the item \u201cOutlet transferred\u201d (Figure 4).[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_single_image image=&#8221;7877&#8243; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong><span lang=\"EN-US\">Figure 3 &#8211; Switchover process from original phase to backup phase<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_single_image image=&#8221;7878&#8243; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>Figure 4 &#8211; Step by step switching sequence: operator clicks the item indicated by the arrow,\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><em><strong>and a pop-up window displays asking operator confirmation. When the operation is completed,\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>the arrow jumps to the next item.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]The type of architecture described above allows substantial cost cutting by reducing the amount of control wires, streamlining design and reducing installation time, whereas increases reliability and minimizes future maintenance.<\/p>\n<p>A future upgrade is expected for the digital control system. All hardware part is already prepared to integrate this implementation to substation supervision system via standard protocols (IEC 60870-5-101 or DNP3.0).[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_text_separator title=&#8221;4.0 &#8211; FIELD EXPERIENCE &#8221; element_type=&#8221;div&#8221; span_color=&#8221;#008842&#8243;]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]As reported by the field team, switchover from a phase to the backup phase, which previously took several hours to occur, is completed in approximately 30 minutes, as a maximum, with this system in the step by step manual mode, where operator visually checks and confirms the operation of each disconnecting switch. The same process is carried out in 10 minutes in the automatic mode.<\/p>\n<p>We may also note a decrease in the amount of operation errors during phase switchover, as the control system only allows executing commands in the disconnecting switches when all pre-conditions are met.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_text_separator title=&#8221;5.0 &#8211; CONCLUSION &#8221; element_type=&#8221;div&#8221; span_background=&#8221;#008242&#8243; span_color=&#8221;#008242&#8243;]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]The digital control system has been effective, reducing the phase switchover process to a few minutes and, as a result, reducing the risk of incurring in high penalty costs.<\/p>\n<p>The system description, as well as the two years of field experience using this tool, will enhance the benefits and the expertise acquired with the switching system presented, which may be applied to substations critical to the power network.<\/p>\n<p>By using a decentralized architecture for this type of project several benefits may be observed, such as reduced amount of cables, cost reduction and minimized failures, i.e., in case of fault of a system module, the system as a whole will not be compromised.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text] Abstract Due to the regulation of Brazil&#8217;s electricity sector, the unavailability of power transmission equipment, such as power transformers, imply in the application of very high fines to equipment owner, whether the unavailability have been caused in a planned manner or not. In this context, a backup unit for a single-phase transformer bank&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7645,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[139],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-transmission","entry","has-media"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7883","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7883"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7883\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7883"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7883"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/treetech.com.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7883"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}